Beginning in 2026, certain higher-earning participants must make all of their catch-up contributions on a Roth (after-tax) basis. This rule was created under the SECURE Act 2.0 and later clarified by IRS Notice 2023-62 and final regulations issued in 2025.
What the Law Requires
Beginning January 1, 2026, catch-up contributions must be made as Roth contributions for any participant who meets both of the following:
- Is age 50 or older during the calendar year, and
- Earned more than $145,000 (indexed) in FICA wages from the plan-sponsoring employer in the prior calendar year.
These individuals are referred to as Highly Paid Individuals (HPIs) or Highly Paid Participants (HPPs) under the final regulations.
Key Points
- The $145,000 threshold is based on Form W-2, Box 3 (Social Security wages) from the employer only.
- The requirement applies to all age-based catch-up contributions, including the expanded “super catch-up” available at ages 60–63.
- If any participant is required to make Roth catch-ups, the plan must also permit Roth catch-up contributions for all eligible participants.
Who Is Impacted?
Participants who are subject to the Roth catch-up requirement:
- Age 50 or older
- Have more than $145,000 in prior-year Social Security wages (W-2 Box 3) from the employer sponsoring the plan
Participants who are not subject:
- Individuals under age 50 (not eligible for catch-ups)
- Individuals with $145,000 or less in FICA wages from the employer in the prior year
- Self-employed owners, partners, or others without FICA wages (e.g., Schedule C or K-1 compensation)
- Certain categories of governmental or public employees whose wages are not reported for Social Security
What Plans Must Do
To comply with this legislation, plans must ensure that:
- Roth contributions are available under the plan for catch-up purposes.
- If the plan does not currently allow Roth, it must either add Roth or eliminate catch-up contributions.
- Payroll systems correctly identify eligible individuals.
- Only the employer/payroll provider can determine who earned >$145,000 in the prior year.
- Catch-up contributions for these individuals must be withheld as Roth, not pre-tax.
- Catch-up contributions are tracked separately from standard deferrals.
Additional Resources by Audience
These articles provide more tailored information depending on your role:
- For Participants: Understanding Roth Catch-Up Contributions (2026)
- For Employers / Plan Sponsors/Plan Administrators: Preparing Your Payroll for the 2026 Roth Catch-Up Requirement
- For Single(k) Sponsors: Roth Catch-Up Rules for Single(k) Plan Sponsors: When the 2026 Requirement Applies